The aim of this work is to study and analysis the nuclear rainbow in elastic and inelastic scattering angular distribution data of 16O + 12C at a wide energy range Elab= 132- 1503 MeV in terms of the complex optical model potential (OMP), in both phenomenological and double folding (DF) approaches. The first approach employed thesquared Woods-Saxon (WS2) for both real and imaginary parts of the OMP. The second one the real DF approach has obtained by using different forms of effective interactions: the DDM3Y-FR, CDM3Y6-FR, α-α, α-N, and NN effective interactions and the imaginary part is fitted in squared Woods-Saxon (WS2) potential. On the other hand, the angular distribution of the refractive 16O+12C elastic and inelastic scattering has been analyzed at six data sets in the coupled-channels technique by taking into account both of the single 0+ and excitation 2+ (4.44 MeV) states of 12C target nucleus. Finally, our calculations are compared with the previous studies and the available experimental data. In this respect, we divided this thesis into three chapters.f Chapter I, contains a general introduction about the characteristics of heavy ion, optical model (OM) potential and nuclear rainbow. Previous studies on 16O+12C elastic and inelastic are also briefly reviewed. Chapter II, deals with the calculations and analyses of eight sets of elastic scattering angular distribution data of 16O+12C system over the energy range Elab = 132, 181, 200, 260, 281, 300, 608 and 1503 MeV. An analytical expression for the real part of the double folding potential is performed by using two different forms of the density distribution for the projectile and target nuclei: modified Gaussian density (MGD) distribution and α-cluster modified Gaussian density (CMGD) distribution. the following different approaches: the WS2, CDM3Y6-FR, DFC1 and DFC2 potentials are used in all calculations. Finally, as a complementally part of our analysis, the CC calculations are carried out for the 16O+12C elastic and inelastic scattering data, based on the collective model description of the first excited (2+) states of the target 12C nuclei.The WS2, CDM3Y6-FR and DFC1 interactions were used to derive the real spherical and transition (deformed) DF potentials. We aim to investigate the effect of coupling between the inelastic and elastic channels on elastic scattering calculation. The general conclusions of this studyarepresented in Ch